Know the signs
Know the signs.
Your body may be trying to tell you something. These are the symptoms most commonly reported with anemia — and what each one can actually feel like.
The short answer
The most common signs of anemia are persistent fatigue, breathlessness on ordinary effort, dizziness, pale skin, cold hands and feet, headaches, and a heart rate that races or won't settle. They build gradually, which is why they get blamed on stress, poor sleep or a busy week. A simple blood test — a complete blood count plus ferritin — is how it gets confirmed.
Unusual tiredness
What it can feel like
Not ordinary end-of-day tired. A heaviness that sleep doesn't seem to fix.
Why it matters
Fatigue is one of the most commonly reported symptoms of anemia, because tissues may be getting less oxygen-rich blood.
These symptoms can have many causes. They do not mean you have anemia. If symptoms persist or concern you, talk with a healthcare professional.
Types and causes
Anemia is not one disease.
Anemia happens when your blood doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin to carry oxygen effectively. There are many reasons that can happen.
Iron-deficiency anemia
The most common type worldwide. The body doesn't have enough iron to make hemoglobin, often due to low intake, poor absorption or blood loss.
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Without enough B12, the body can't produce healthy red blood cells. Causes include diet, absorption problems and certain conditions.
Folate deficiency
Folate is also needed to build red blood cells. Low levels can come from diet, pregnancy demands, alcohol use or absorption issues.
Blood loss
Heavy menstrual bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, injury or surgery can deplete red blood cells and iron stores over time.
Chronic disease or inflammation
Long-term conditions such as kidney disease, inflammatory disorders and some cancers can interfere with red blood cell production.
Inherited conditions
Sickle cell disease, thalassemia and other inherited conditions affect the shape, function or lifespan of red blood cells.
Other medical causes
Bone marrow disorders, some medications and conditions that destroy red blood cells too quickly can also cause anemia.
Sources
Medical content reviewed: August 2026 · Educational information only.
CheckYourself.
Know the signs. Know your body.
Don't ignore persistent changes.
Get checked when something doesn't feel right.